Integrand size = 22, antiderivative size = 103 \[ \int \frac {\left (c+d x^2\right )^2}{x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )^2} \, dx=-\frac {c^2}{a x \left (a+b x^2\right )}-\frac {\left (\frac {3 b c^2}{a}-2 c d+\frac {a d^2}{b}\right ) x}{2 a \left (a+b x^2\right )}-\frac {(b c-a d) (3 b c+a d) \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {b} x}{\sqrt {a}}\right )}{2 a^{5/2} b^{3/2}} \]
-c^2/a/x/(b*x^2+a)-1/2*(3*b*c^2/a-2*c*d+a*d^2/b)*x/a/(b*x^2+a)-1/2*(-a*d+b *c)*(a*d+3*b*c)*arctan(x*b^(1/2)/a^(1/2))/a^(5/2)/b^(3/2)
Time = 0.05 (sec) , antiderivative size = 91, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.88 \[ \int \frac {\left (c+d x^2\right )^2}{x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )^2} \, dx=-\frac {c^2}{a^2 x}-\frac {(-b c+a d)^2 x}{2 a^2 b \left (a+b x^2\right )}+\frac {\left (-3 b^2 c^2+2 a b c d+a^2 d^2\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {b} x}{\sqrt {a}}\right )}{2 a^{5/2} b^{3/2}} \]
-(c^2/(a^2*x)) - ((-(b*c) + a*d)^2*x)/(2*a^2*b*(a + b*x^2)) + ((-3*b^2*c^2 + 2*a*b*c*d + a^2*d^2)*ArcTan[(Sqrt[b]*x)/Sqrt[a]])/(2*a^(5/2)*b^(3/2))
Time = 0.24 (sec) , antiderivative size = 106, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.03, number of steps used = 4, number of rules used = 4, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.182, Rules used = {365, 25, 298, 218}
Below are the steps used by Rubi to obtain the solution. The rule number used for the transformation is given above next to the arrow. The rules definitions used are listed below.
\(\displaystyle \int \frac {\left (c+d x^2\right )^2}{x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )^2} \, dx\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 365 |
\(\displaystyle \frac {\int -\frac {c (3 b c-2 a d)-a d^2 x^2}{\left (b x^2+a\right )^2}dx}{a}-\frac {c^2}{a x \left (a+b x^2\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 25 |
\(\displaystyle -\frac {\int \frac {c (3 b c-2 a d)-a d^2 x^2}{\left (b x^2+a\right )^2}dx}{a}-\frac {c^2}{a x \left (a+b x^2\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 298 |
\(\displaystyle -\frac {\frac {(b c-a d) (a d+3 b c) \int \frac {1}{b x^2+a}dx}{2 a b}+\frac {x \left (\frac {3 b c^2}{a}+\frac {a d^2}{b}-2 c d\right )}{2 \left (a+b x^2\right )}}{a}-\frac {c^2}{a x \left (a+b x^2\right )}\) |
\(\Big \downarrow \) 218 |
\(\displaystyle -\frac {\frac {\arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {b} x}{\sqrt {a}}\right ) (b c-a d) (a d+3 b c)}{2 a^{3/2} b^{3/2}}+\frac {x \left (\frac {3 b c^2}{a}+\frac {a d^2}{b}-2 c d\right )}{2 \left (a+b x^2\right )}}{a}-\frac {c^2}{a x \left (a+b x^2\right )}\) |
-(c^2/(a*x*(a + b*x^2))) - ((((3*b*c^2)/a - 2*c*d + (a*d^2)/b)*x)/(2*(a + b*x^2)) + ((b*c - a*d)*(3*b*c + a*d)*ArcTan[(Sqrt[b]*x)/Sqrt[a]])/(2*a^(3/ 2)*b^(3/2)))/a
3.3.77.3.1 Defintions of rubi rules used
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[a/b, 2]/a)*ArcTan[x/R t[a/b, 2]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b]
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_)*((c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^2), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-( b*c - a*d))*x*((a + b*x^2)^(p + 1)/(2*a*b*(p + 1))), x] - Simp[(a*d - b*c*( 2*p + 3))/(2*a*b*(p + 1)) Int[(a + b*x^2)^(p + 1), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, p}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && (LtQ[p, -1] || ILtQ[1/2 + p, 0])
Int[((e_.)*(x_))^(m_)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(p_)*((c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^2)^2, x _Symbol] :> Simp[c^2*(e*x)^(m + 1)*((a + b*x^2)^(p + 1)/(a*e*(m + 1))), x] - Simp[1/(a*e^2*(m + 1)) Int[(e*x)^(m + 2)*(a + b*x^2)^p*Simp[2*b*c^2*(p + 1) + c*(b*c - 2*a*d)*(m + 1) - a*d^2*(m + 1)*x^2, x], x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, p}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && LtQ[m, -1]
Time = 2.64 (sec) , antiderivative size = 95, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.92
method | result | size |
default | \(-\frac {c^{2}}{a^{2} x}+\frac {-\frac {\left (a^{2} d^{2}-2 a b c d +b^{2} c^{2}\right ) x}{2 b \left (b \,x^{2}+a \right )}+\frac {\left (a^{2} d^{2}+2 a b c d -3 b^{2} c^{2}\right ) \arctan \left (\frac {b x}{\sqrt {a b}}\right )}{2 b \sqrt {a b}}}{a^{2}}\) | \(95\) |
risch | \(\frac {-\frac {\left (a^{2} d^{2}-2 a b c d +3 b^{2} c^{2}\right ) x^{2}}{2 a^{2} b}-\frac {c^{2}}{a}}{x \left (b \,x^{2}+a \right )}+\frac {\left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\operatorname {RootOf}\left (a^{5} \textit {\_Z}^{2} b^{3}+a^{4} d^{4}+4 a^{3} b c \,d^{3}-2 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} d^{2}-12 a \,b^{3} c^{3} d +9 b^{4} c^{4}\right )}{\sum }\textit {\_R} \ln \left (\left (3 \textit {\_R}^{2} a^{5} b^{3}+2 a^{4} d^{4}+8 a^{3} b c \,d^{3}-4 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} d^{2}-24 a \,b^{3} c^{3} d +18 b^{4} c^{4}\right ) x +\left (-a^{5} d^{2} b -2 b^{2} c d \,a^{4}+3 b^{3} c^{2} a^{3}\right ) \textit {\_R} \right )\right )}{4}\) | \(224\) |
-c^2/a^2/x+1/a^2*(-1/2*(a^2*d^2-2*a*b*c*d+b^2*c^2)/b*x/(b*x^2+a)+1/2*(a^2* d^2+2*a*b*c*d-3*b^2*c^2)/b/(a*b)^(1/2)*arctan(b*x/(a*b)^(1/2)))
Time = 0.25 (sec) , antiderivative size = 308, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.99 \[ \int \frac {\left (c+d x^2\right )^2}{x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )^2} \, dx=\left [-\frac {4 \, a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} + 2 \, {\left (3 \, a b^{3} c^{2} - 2 \, a^{2} b^{2} c d + a^{3} b d^{2}\right )} x^{2} - {\left ({\left (3 \, b^{3} c^{2} - 2 \, a b^{2} c d - a^{2} b d^{2}\right )} x^{3} + {\left (3 \, a b^{2} c^{2} - 2 \, a^{2} b c d - a^{3} d^{2}\right )} x\right )} \sqrt {-a b} \log \left (\frac {b x^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {-a b} x - a}{b x^{2} + a}\right )}{4 \, {\left (a^{3} b^{3} x^{3} + a^{4} b^{2} x\right )}}, -\frac {2 \, a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} + {\left (3 \, a b^{3} c^{2} - 2 \, a^{2} b^{2} c d + a^{3} b d^{2}\right )} x^{2} + {\left ({\left (3 \, b^{3} c^{2} - 2 \, a b^{2} c d - a^{2} b d^{2}\right )} x^{3} + {\left (3 \, a b^{2} c^{2} - 2 \, a^{2} b c d - a^{3} d^{2}\right )} x\right )} \sqrt {a b} \arctan \left (\frac {\sqrt {a b} x}{a}\right )}{2 \, {\left (a^{3} b^{3} x^{3} + a^{4} b^{2} x\right )}}\right ] \]
[-1/4*(4*a^2*b^2*c^2 + 2*(3*a*b^3*c^2 - 2*a^2*b^2*c*d + a^3*b*d^2)*x^2 - ( (3*b^3*c^2 - 2*a*b^2*c*d - a^2*b*d^2)*x^3 + (3*a*b^2*c^2 - 2*a^2*b*c*d - a ^3*d^2)*x)*sqrt(-a*b)*log((b*x^2 - 2*sqrt(-a*b)*x - a)/(b*x^2 + a)))/(a^3* b^3*x^3 + a^4*b^2*x), -1/2*(2*a^2*b^2*c^2 + (3*a*b^3*c^2 - 2*a^2*b^2*c*d + a^3*b*d^2)*x^2 + ((3*b^3*c^2 - 2*a*b^2*c*d - a^2*b*d^2)*x^3 + (3*a*b^2*c^ 2 - 2*a^2*b*c*d - a^3*d^2)*x)*sqrt(a*b)*arctan(sqrt(a*b)*x/a))/(a^3*b^3*x^ 3 + a^4*b^2*x)]
Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 238 vs. \(2 (88) = 176\).
Time = 0.48 (sec) , antiderivative size = 238, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.31 \[ \int \frac {\left (c+d x^2\right )^2}{x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )^2} \, dx=- \frac {\sqrt {- \frac {1}{a^{5} b^{3}}} \left (a d - b c\right ) \left (a d + 3 b c\right ) \log {\left (- \frac {a^{3} b \sqrt {- \frac {1}{a^{5} b^{3}}} \left (a d - b c\right ) \left (a d + 3 b c\right )}{a^{2} d^{2} + 2 a b c d - 3 b^{2} c^{2}} + x \right )}}{4} + \frac {\sqrt {- \frac {1}{a^{5} b^{3}}} \left (a d - b c\right ) \left (a d + 3 b c\right ) \log {\left (\frac {a^{3} b \sqrt {- \frac {1}{a^{5} b^{3}}} \left (a d - b c\right ) \left (a d + 3 b c\right )}{a^{2} d^{2} + 2 a b c d - 3 b^{2} c^{2}} + x \right )}}{4} + \frac {- 2 a b c^{2} + x^{2} \left (- a^{2} d^{2} + 2 a b c d - 3 b^{2} c^{2}\right )}{2 a^{3} b x + 2 a^{2} b^{2} x^{3}} \]
-sqrt(-1/(a**5*b**3))*(a*d - b*c)*(a*d + 3*b*c)*log(-a**3*b*sqrt(-1/(a**5* b**3))*(a*d - b*c)*(a*d + 3*b*c)/(a**2*d**2 + 2*a*b*c*d - 3*b**2*c**2) + x )/4 + sqrt(-1/(a**5*b**3))*(a*d - b*c)*(a*d + 3*b*c)*log(a**3*b*sqrt(-1/(a **5*b**3))*(a*d - b*c)*(a*d + 3*b*c)/(a**2*d**2 + 2*a*b*c*d - 3*b**2*c**2) + x)/4 + (-2*a*b*c**2 + x**2*(-a**2*d**2 + 2*a*b*c*d - 3*b**2*c**2))/(2*a **3*b*x + 2*a**2*b**2*x**3)
Time = 0.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 101, normalized size of antiderivative = 0.98 \[ \int \frac {\left (c+d x^2\right )^2}{x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )^2} \, dx=-\frac {2 \, a b c^{2} + {\left (3 \, b^{2} c^{2} - 2 \, a b c d + a^{2} d^{2}\right )} x^{2}}{2 \, {\left (a^{2} b^{2} x^{3} + a^{3} b x\right )}} - \frac {{\left (3 \, b^{2} c^{2} - 2 \, a b c d - a^{2} d^{2}\right )} \arctan \left (\frac {b x}{\sqrt {a b}}\right )}{2 \, \sqrt {a b} a^{2} b} \]
-1/2*(2*a*b*c^2 + (3*b^2*c^2 - 2*a*b*c*d + a^2*d^2)*x^2)/(a^2*b^2*x^3 + a^ 3*b*x) - 1/2*(3*b^2*c^2 - 2*a*b*c*d - a^2*d^2)*arctan(b*x/sqrt(a*b))/(sqrt (a*b)*a^2*b)
Time = 0.28 (sec) , antiderivative size = 103, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00 \[ \int \frac {\left (c+d x^2\right )^2}{x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )^2} \, dx=-\frac {{\left (3 \, b^{2} c^{2} - 2 \, a b c d - a^{2} d^{2}\right )} \arctan \left (\frac {b x}{\sqrt {a b}}\right )}{2 \, \sqrt {a b} a^{2} b} - \frac {3 \, b^{2} c^{2} x^{2} - 2 \, a b c d x^{2} + a^{2} d^{2} x^{2} + 2 \, a b c^{2}}{2 \, {\left (b x^{3} + a x\right )} a^{2} b} \]
-1/2*(3*b^2*c^2 - 2*a*b*c*d - a^2*d^2)*arctan(b*x/sqrt(a*b))/(sqrt(a*b)*a^ 2*b) - 1/2*(3*b^2*c^2*x^2 - 2*a*b*c*d*x^2 + a^2*d^2*x^2 + 2*a*b*c^2)/((b*x ^3 + a*x)*a^2*b)
Time = 0.16 (sec) , antiderivative size = 128, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.24 \[ \int \frac {\left (c+d x^2\right )^2}{x^2 \left (a+b x^2\right )^2} \, dx=\frac {\mathrm {atan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b}\,x\,\left (a\,d-b\,c\right )\,\left (a\,d+3\,b\,c\right )}{\sqrt {a}\,\left (a^2\,d^2+2\,a\,b\,c\,d-3\,b^2\,c^2\right )}\right )\,\left (a\,d-b\,c\right )\,\left (a\,d+3\,b\,c\right )}{2\,a^{5/2}\,b^{3/2}}-\frac {\frac {c^2}{a}+\frac {x^2\,\left (a^2\,d^2-2\,a\,b\,c\,d+3\,b^2\,c^2\right )}{2\,a^2\,b}}{b\,x^3+a\,x} \]